Dhanya, G and Shivkumar, M and Pranesha, TS and Kamsali, Nagaraja and Chate, DM and Beig, Gufran and Das, Sherin S
(2026)
Temporal variation of black carbon and carbon monoxide in the City of Bengaluru, India.
Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 157 (75).
Full text not available from this repository.
| Abstract: |
Bengaluru, once known as the “Garden City,” has transitioned into one of India’s major IT hubs, marked by rapid population growth. This has driven a significant increase in fuel combustion across its transportation, domestic, and industrial sectors, resulting in a severe deterioration of its ambient air quality. Despite this, systematic studies examining the effects of urbanization on temporal variations of carbon monoxide (CO) and black carbon (BC) across different time scales are limited. This study examines the temporal variations of BC and CO levels in Bengaluru over a four-year period from January 2015 to December 2018. The analysis examines diurnal, seasonal, and annual patterns of CO and BC and their relationship with key meteorological factors, namely temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and boundary layer height. The daily mean CO concentrations ranged from 0.22 to 4.07 ppmv (mean 0.84 ± 0.3 ppmv), while BC concentrations ranged from 1.13 to 9.5 µg/m³ (mean 3.28 µg/m³). Higher concentrations of both pollutants were observed in winter, summer, and post-monsoon seasons, with lower levels in the monsoon. Correlation analysis reveals that meteorological factors govern pollutant dispersion and accumulation, with diurnal variations exhibiting bimodal peaks that consistently align with morning and evening traffic and are further modulated by the dynamics of the planetary boundary layer. Further, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified local traffic emissions as the primary source of CO and BC, with meteorology further influencing the observed concentrations. The study concludes with a health risk assessment that links BC exposure to ischemic heart disease, highlighting the threat that emissions combined with meteorology pose to air quality and public health in rapidly urbanizing regions. |
| Item Type: |
Journal Paper
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| Subjects: |
School of Natural and Engineering Sciences > Energy and Environment |
| Divisions: |
Schools > Natural Sciences and Engineering |
| Date Deposited: |
02 Feb 2026 10:54 |
| Last Modified: |
02 Feb 2026 10:54 |
| Official URL: |
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00704-0... |
| Related URLs: |
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| Funders: |
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| Projects: |
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| DOI: |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-025-05999-7 |
| URI: |
http://eprints.nias.res.in/id/eprint/3089 |
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