Pandey, Arpita and Majumdar, Rudrodip (2025) Energy Efficiency and Circularity: Insights from Adoption Trends of Washing Machines, Critical Materials Demand and Responsible Use Strategies. In: Energy Efficiency in Critical Times: Security, Economics and Transition edited by Romanus Osabohien. Elsevier, 03-18. ISBN 9780443289491
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Chapter_Energy efficiency and circularity - insights from adoption trends of LWMs, critical materials demand, and responsible use strategies.pdf - Published Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (4MB) |
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| Abstract: | India’s energy efficiency measures necessitate residential and commercial sectors to adopt energy-efficient star-labelled heavy appliances and equipment. The increasing disposable income, improved consumer lifestyle and technological advancements have significantly increased the households’ proliferation of Laundry Washing Machines (LWMs) in past years. Rare earth permanent magnet-based Brushless DC (BLDC) electric motors are critical for energy-efficient LWMs. This study presents two growth scenarios of washing machine production and assesses the demand for rare earth materials (Nd, Dy, Pr) used in permanent magnet manufacturing. The analysis indicates that the annual demand for rare earth materials for magnets in LWMs could be between 1352 and 1637 tonnes by 2030. Considering the market volatility of critical material supply chains, the study highlights the importance of circular business models like refurbishing used products and recycling to build an alternate resource supply chain. The study also discusses the action-oriented policy directions and business strategies that could promote formalized e-waste recycling and augment sustainable access to energy-efficient washing machines among people. |
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| Item Type: | Book Chapter |
| Subjects: | School of Natural and Engineering Sciences > Energy and Environment |
| Divisions: | Schools > Natural Sciences and Engineering |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jul 2025 06:08 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Jul 2025 04:36 |
| Official URL: | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/... |
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| Funders: | * |
| Projects: | * |
| DOI: | |
| URI: | http://eprints.nias.res.in/id/eprint/2960 |
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